Jaw joint disorder is a complex disorder that involves problems affecting the system consisting of chewing muscles, jaw joint, part of the head and neck muscles, joint ligaments, teeth, cheeks, lips, and salivary glands.
The number of patients presenting to the dentists with the complaint of jaw joint disease increases with each passing year. The reason for this increase is not the fact that this condition was not used in the past, but because dentists and otorhinolaryngologists can diagnose these disorders by increasing their knowledge level.
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) acts like a sliding hinge, connecting your jawbone to your skull. You have one joint on each side of your jaw. TMJ disorders — a type of temporomandibular disorder or TMD — can cause pain in your jaw joint and in the muscles that control jaw movement.
It is also hard to ascertain the precise cause of a person’s TMJ condition. Your discomfort may be due to a variety of causes, such as genetics, arthritis or jaw injury. Many individuals with jaw pain often prefer to clench or grit their teeth (bruxism), whereas many individuals typically clench or grind their teeth and never develop TMJ conditions.
Causes of bruxism, and clenching : There are many reasons for bruxism, and clenching; stress and personal characteristics, sleep patterns, respiratory disorders during sleep, traumatic injuries, central nervous system disorders, illicit drug use, drug treatments, alcohol, caffeine, and smoking.
Symptoms
There may be signs and symptoms of TMJ disorders:
Pain in one or both of the temporomandibular joints.
Aching pressure around and inside your ear.
Chewing difficulty or pain when chewing.
Aching facial pain.
Joint locking, making it impossible to open or close your mouth.
Diagnosis :
Your doctor or dentist will discuss your symptoms and examine your jaw. He or she will probably:
Listen to and feel your jaw when you open and close your mouth
Observe the range of motion in your jaw
Press on areas around your jaw to identify sites of pain or discomfort
If your doctor or dentist suspects a problem, you may need:
Dental X-rays to examine your teeth and jaw
CT scan to provide detailed images of the bones involved in the joint
MRI to reveal problems with the joint’s disk or surrounding soft tissue
Treatment
Symptoms of TMJ disorders may go away without treatment in some cases. Your doctor can prescribe a number of treatment options if your symptoms continue, sometimes more than one that must be done at the same time.
During the treatment process, soft or hard night plates that are worn at night and prepared according to the size of your teeth are recommended. These plates need to be replaced at regular intervals. However, reducing the stress of the person’s daily life is important for the success of the treatment. The night plate is prepared by the physician individually. First, the patient’s jaw size is taken. This measure is sent to the laboratory and prepared and presented to the patient.
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